The term landscape architect was first used by Frederick Law Olmstead and Calvert Vaux in the second half of the 19th century to describe someone who works in the field of landscape design. The term implied that the landscape would reflect the same relation that an architect bears toward a building with the essential emphasis on design. Olmstead and Vaux 77used these ideas while designing New York Citys Central Park by artfully constructing a romantic landscape with scenic vistas, still lakes, green meadows, and woodlands from 840 acres of swampy undeveloped land in the middle of Manhattan Island. 78Though many politicians criticized Olmsteads revolutionary visions at first, the profession of landscape architecture continued to thrive. So much so that many elements of Olmstead and Vauxs Central Park design are found in parks throughout the United States. U R B A N G R O W T H A N D C E M E T E R Y R E F O R M Cincinnati during the middle of the 19th century had become the nations sixth largest and fastest growing city. 79Many of the citys early cemeteries began suffering from overcrowding and neglect. An 1848 Cincinnati Enquirer article noted the citys burying grounds are much neglected and growing more unsightly every year.80Coupled with the rising urban population, which doubled in a ten-year period between 1840 and 1850, and high land values within the city limits, many of the citys original cemeteries had no room to expand. A new much larger burial facility was needed, one that would be removed sufficiently from the citys crowning and anticipated growth.81At the same time, a new romantic ideal of burial in a naturalistic context was flourishing, but resting in peace was threatened by urban growth and development. 82The final plea for the establishment of a public cemetery outside Cincinnatis dense urban core came in 1844 when Dr. Daniel Drake, a prominent doctor and naturalist, displeased with the condition of Washington Cemetery where his wife Harriet Sisson was buried, appealed to his fellow Cincinnatians to build a permanent burial ground out of the reach of the crowding growth of the vigorous city.83The vision for Cincinnatis rural cemetery became a reality on December 1, 1844, when 166 acres of the Garrard farm was purchased from Mr. Josiah Lawrence for $15,800 and the title The Cemetery of Spring Grove was 31